Nuevas localidades en la distribución de Corallus blombergi (Rendahl & Vestergren ,1941) (Reptilia: Squamata, Boidea), para Colombia

El género Corallus contiene serpientes esbeltas y arbóreas, que habitan en bosques tropicales y que presentan una amplia distribución; sin embargo, Corallus blombergi es una especie poco común en Colombia, con un número limitado de reportes. En este estudio se presenta el primer registro de C. blombergi para el departamento del Chocó, a partir de dos hembras, colectadas en zonas de bosque pluvial tropical, en los corregimientos de salero y Pacurita, convirtiéndose en la tercera y cuarta localidad donde se registra la presencia de esta especie. Los nuevos registros, amplían la distribución de la especie a 471,50 km, desde su último registro en Tumaco.

The corallus genus contains slender and arboreal snakes which inhabit tropical forests and have a wide distribution; however, Corallus blombergi is an uncommon specie in Colombia with a limited number of reports. This study presents the first record of C. blombergi for the department of Choco from two females, both collected in tropical rain forest areas, in the townships of Salero and Pacurita. becoming the third and fourth locality where the presence of this species is recorded. The new records extend the distribution of the species to 471.50 km since its last record in Tumaco.

Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in Campos do Jordão State Park, São Paulo, Brazil / Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brasil

Abstract The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar a ocorrência de Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) em um sistema lótico do Estado de São Paulo. Os espécimes foram coletados no rio Sapucaí, localizado no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. O mapeamento da distribuição geográfica desta espécie é de interesse para saúde pública uma vez que L. variegatus pode ser um hospedeiro intermediário de Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), parasito de reconhecido potencial zoonótico. Dados de distribuição servem de base para monitoramento e avaliação ambiental, sendo essenciais para mapear possíveis casos da doença (Dioctofimose) e fornecer informações para profissionais de saúde.

Global distribution and transmission of Fasciola / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

As a global zoonotic disease, fascioliasis is a serious threat to human and animal health and animal husbandry development. The complexity of the classification and identification of Lymnaeidae, the intermediate host of Fasciola, notably the emergence of its sibling species, leads to misunderstanding of geographical distribution and transmission potential of Fasciola. This review introduces the classification of flukes of the family Fasciolidae, describes the geographical distribution of F. hepatica and F. gigantic, and discusses the co-evolution of Fasciola and Lymnaeidae host snails, and the effects of human activities and ruminant migration on global spread and transmission of Fasciola. In addition, we revisit the intermediate host snails of Fasciola in Africa based on the latest molecular biological evidence.

Treehoppers (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha: Aetalionidae and Membracidae) from western Acre, Brazil, with emphasis on the fauna of Serra do Divisor National Park / Soldadinhos (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha: Aetalionidae e Membracidae) do extremo oeste do Acre, Brasil, com ênfase na fauna do Parque Nacional Serra do Divisor

Abstract The first list of Aetalionidae and Membracidae species for western Acre is presented, including the Alto do Juruá regions of Serra do Divisor National Park and the Campus Floresta of the Federal University of Acre. In total, 94 species of treehoppers were collected, of which Centrotinae (Membracidae) is recorded for the first time for Brazil (Abelus maculatus Schimidt), another 16 species are new Brazilian records, and 69 species (Aetalionidae and Membracidae) are new records for Acre. Data on type locality, geographic distribution and images of all species are presented. The males of Lophyraspis fenestrata Sakakibara & Creão-Duarte and Erechtia sanguinolenta (Fairmaire) are known for the first time. The species diversity was compared to four other treehopper surveys in the Amazon region, with similarity indices of about 43.6% for Colombian Amazon (at least 650 km away), 27.6% for Panguana Biological Research Station, Peru (250 km), 20.2% for Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, Brazil (1,600 km) and 8.5% for Villa Carmen Biological Station/Los Amigos Biological Station, Peru (600/700 km). The estimated richness of Serra do Divisor National Park was just over 70%, suggesting that local diversity could be significantly higher than that presented in this study.

Resumo A primeira lista de espécies de Aetalionidae e Membracidae para o extremo oeste do Acre é apresentada, incluindo as regiões do Alto do Juruá do Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor e o Campus Floresta da Universidade Federal do Acre. No total, foram coletadas 94 espécies de soldadinhos, das quais Centrotinae (Membracidae) é registrada pela primeira vez para o Brasil (Abelus maculatus Schimidt), 16 outras espécies de membracídeos são novos registros para o Brasil e 69 espécies (Aetalionidae e Membracidae) são novos registros para o Acre. Dados sobre localidade-tipo, distribuição geográfica e imagens de todas as espécies são apresentados. Os machos de Lophyraspis fenestrata Sakakibara & Creão-Duarte e Erechtia sanguinolenta (Fairmaire) são conhecidos pela primeira vez. A diversidade de espécies foi comparada a outros quatro levantamentos de soldadinhos na região amazônica, com índices de similaridade de cerca de 43,6% para a Amazônia colombiana (pelo menos 650 km de distância), 27,6% para a Estação de Pesquisa Biológica de Panguana, Peru (250 km), 20,2% para Adolpho Reserva Florestal Ducke, Brasil (1.600 km) e 8,5% para Estação Biológica Villa Carmen/Estação Biológica Los Amigos, Peru (600/700 km). A riqueza estimada do Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor foi de pouco mais de 70%, sugerindo que a diversidade local pode ser significativamente maior do que a apresentada neste estudo.

Geografia das respostas sociais para as pessoas idosas em Portugal / Geography of social care for older people in Portugal

Resumo: Este estudo analisa a distribuição geográfica das respostas sociais dirigidas à população idosa em Portugal continental, e compara os padrões espaciais dos equipamentos dos sectores público, solidário e lucrativo. Os resultados mostram uma distribuição heterogénea e uma tendência para a concentração espacial das estruturas do sector privado em áreas mais urbanizadas. Conclui-se que a crescente liberalização do sector constitui um risco para a equidade territorial dos cuidados sociais.

Abstract: This study analyses the geographical distribution of social care for older adults in mainland Portugal, and compares the spatial patterns of public, non-profit and profit institutions. The results show a heterogeneous distribution and a tendency towards spatial concentration of private sector structures in more urbanised areas. We conclude that the increasing liberalisation of the sector constitutes a risk to the territorial equity of social care provision.

Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in Campos do Jordão State Park, São Paulo, Brazil / Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brasil

The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar a ocorrência de Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) em um sistema lótico do Estado de São Paulo. Os espécimes foram coletados no rio Sapucaí, localizado no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. O mapeamento da distribuição geográfica desta espécie é de interesse para saúde pública uma vez que L. variegatus pode ser um hospedeiro intermediário de Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), parasito de reconhecido potencial zoonótico. Dados de distribuição servem de base para monitoramento e avaliação ambiental, sendo essenciais para mapear possíveis casos da doença (Dioctofimose) e fornecer informações para profissionais de saúde.

Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in Campos do Jordão State Park, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar a ocorrência de Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) em um sistema lótico do Estado de São Paulo. Os espécimes foram coletados no rio Sapucaí, localizado no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. O mapeamento da distribuição geográfica desta espécie é de interesse para saúde pública uma vez que L. variegatus pode ser um hospedeiro intermediário de Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), parasito de reconhecido potencial zoonótico. Dados de distribuição servem de base para monitoramento e avaliação ambiental, sendo essenciais para mapear possíveis casos da doença (Dioctofimose) e fornecer informações para profissionais de saúde.

Distribution characteristics of emerging and reemerging Oncomelania hupensis in China from 2015 to 2021 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of emerging and reemerging Oncomelania hupensis snails after the criteria for transmission control of schistosomiasis were achieved in China, so as to provide insights into assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk and formulation of snail control strategies during the elimination phase. Methods O. hupensis survey data in China from 2015 to 2021 were collected from the National Schistosomiasis Pevention and Control Information Management System, and the distribution characteristics of emerging and reemerging O. hupensis snails were descriptively analyzed. Results Emerging and reemerging O. hupensis snails were identified in China each year from 2015 to 2021, with relatively larger areas with emerging and reemerging O. hupensis snail habitats in 2016 and 2021, and relatively higher numbers of counties (districts) where emerging and reemerging O. hupensis snails were detected in 2016 and 2021. A total of 4 586.30 hm2 of emerging O. hupensis snail habitats were found in 10 schistosomiasis-endemic provinces of China (except Fujian and Yunnan Provinces) from 2015 to 2021, with 96.80% in Anhui, Hunan and Hubei provinces, where marshland and lake endemic foci were predominant. A total of 21 023.90 hm2 of reemerging O. hupensis snail habitats were found in 12 schistosomiasis-endemic provinces of China from 2015 to 2021, with 97.67% in six provinces of Hubei, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Yunnan and Anhui, where marshland and lake and hilly endemic regions were predominant. Emerging snail habitats were found in 15.08% of all schistosomiasisendemic counties (districts) in China from 2015 to 2021, and 78.75% of all emerging snail habitats were identified in 11 schistosomiasis-endemic counties (districts), with the largest area of emerging snail habitats found in Lixian County, Hunan Province (645.00 hm2). Reemerging snail habitats were found in 47.67% of all schistosomiasis-endemic counties (districts) in China from 2015 to 2021, and 43.29% of all reemerging snail habitats were identified in 11 schistosomiasis-endemic counties (districts), with the largest area of reemerging snail habitats found in Weishan Li and Hui Autonomous County of Hunan Province (1 579.70 hm2). Conclusions Emerging and reemerging O. hupensis snails were identified in China each year from 2015 to 2021, with much larger areas of reemerging snail habitats than emerging snail habitats, and larger numbers of schistosomiasis-endemic provinces and counties (districts) with reemerging snails were found that those of provinces and counties (districts) with emerging snails. Specific snail control interventions are required tailored to the causes of emerging and reemerging snail habitats. Both emergence and reemergence of O. hupensis snails should be paid attention to in marshland and lake endemic areas, and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shanghai Municipality and Zhejiang Province where schistosomiasis had been eliminated, and reemergence of O. hupensis snails should be given a high priority in hilly areas. In addition, monitoring of O. hupensis snails should be reinforced in snail-free areas after flooding.

Dengue Serotype Prevalence and Laboratory Profile Correlation in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Gandhinagar

Background: Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever currently rank highly among the newly emerging infectious diseases and are the most important arboviral disease worldwide. Dengue virus can be distinguished by both serological and molecular methods. This study was aimed at analysing the prevalence and laboratory dynamics of the four dengue serotypes in tertiary care patients attending GMERS Medical College Gandhinagar. Material & methods: This study was an observational retrospective study. A total 105 samples were tested for Dengue serotyping by RT-PCR. Results: Among positive patients Dengue virus serotype-2 was the most common serotype 94 (89%) followed by DENV3 7(6%) and DENV4 2(2%). Co-infection with DENV 2/4 was 2(2%). A higher prevalence of dengue haemorrhagic fever was noted in serotype 2 compared to serotypes 3, 4, and coinfection. Thrombocytopenia was present in all serotypes of infection. There was a significant difference in the disturbance of liver function in DENV2, as compared to others serotype. Dengue serotype 2 was very common in rural areas, while dengue serotype 3 was seen in the urban Gandhinagar zone. Discussion: Dengue is the most extensively spread mosquito-borne disease. As per previous studies most common prevalent and severity of serotype wasDENV2, however in our study we were able to identify DENV3, DENV4 and confection with serotypes (DENV2 & DENV4).

Factors Influencing Leprosy-Affected People for Migration, Distant Registration and their Effect on Leprosy Services in Bangladesh

The research investigated factors affecting migration, distant registration and their expected effects on leprosy service in Bangladesh. This qualitative study was conducted from April 2018 to September 2019. 130 leprosy-affected people (LAP) were selected for in-depth interview (IDI) and 23 professionals for Key informant's interview. A Semi-structured interview guide was used for data collection. Different factors were identified by key informants (KIs) and IDI participants (IDIPs) both for migration and for distant registration. Main factors for migration of LAP, mentioned by both groups, were fear of social exclusion. Lack of treatment facilities under the treatment category, job transfer under financial category and marriage under the personal category are the other main influencing factors for migration. Reasons for leprosy cases registering in distant places are similar to reasons for migration: lack of expert professionals under treatment category, relatives' influence under the personal category and job transfer under the financial category. It is concluded that migration and distant registration should be considered in studying the geographical distribution of leprosy. Interpretations proposed by key informants may not reflect the actual field situation. The opinions of those directly affected by leprosy should be sought and heeded in designing and evaluating leprosy programmes.

Análise temporal dos grupos de pesquisa da educação física no Brasil e sua vinculação com as linhas de pesquisa escola, esporte e saúde / Physical education research groups temporal analysis in brasil and its distribution at research lines school, sport and health / Análisis temporal de grupos de investigación en educación física en brasil y su distribución en líneas de investigación escuela, deporte y salud

Investigar grupos de pesquisa (GPs) possibilita visualizar como está o desenvolvimento científico de uma área do conhecimento. Este estudo objetivou descrever a trajetória dos GPs da educação física no Brasil, caracterizando sua distribuição geográfica e vinculação nas linhas de pesquisa Escola, Saúde e Esporte. Foi realizada busca parametrizada no painel Lattes do Diretório de GPs. Desde 1993 houve crescimento no número de GP. Houve maior concentração nas regiões sudeste (n=250), sul (n=181) e nos estados de São Paulo (n=126) e Paraná (n=72). Alocou-se maior número de GPs na temática Esporte (n=247), seguido da Escola (n=122) e Saúde (n=113). Incentiva-se a nucleação de GPs nas regiões com menor número, de modo a promover o desenvolvimento científico em todo o país (AU).

o investigate research groups (RG) enable to visualize how is going the scientific development of a knowledge area. The aim of this study was to analyze the trajectory of physical education RG in Brazil, and characterize its geography distribution, and its distribution by research line (school, health and sports). A parameterized search at the DGOB Lattes was made. Since 1993 increase the number of RG. Higher concentration were found in southeast (n=250), South (n=181) and in São Paulo (n=126) and Paraná (72) state. Higher number of RG were found in Sport (n=247), follow by school (n=122) and health (n=113). Incentive is needed to increase the RG number in regions with lower numbers with the aim to develop the science in all country (AU).

Investigar grupos de investigación (GI) permite visualizar el desarrollo científico de un área de conocimiento. O el propósito de la investigación fue analizar la trayectoria de los GI de educación física en Brasil, caracterizando su distribución geográfica y lo vínculo con las líneas de investigación Escuela, Salud y Deporte. Se realizó una búsqueda paramétrica en el DGPB Lattes. Desde 1993, aumentado el número de GI. Mayor número en las regiones Sureste (n=250) y Sur (n=181) en los estados de São Paulo (n=126) y Paraná (72). Mayor número en los temas deporte (n=247), Escuela (n=122) y Salud (n=113). Se fomenta el aumento de GP en las regiones con menor número para promover el desarrollo científico en todo el país (AU).

Análise temporal dos grupos de pesquisa da educação física no Brasil e sua vinculação com as linhas de pesquisa escola, esporte e saúde / Physical education research groups temporal analysis in brasil and its distribution at research lines school, sport and health / Análisis temporal de grupos de investigación en educación física en brasil y su distribución en líneas de investigación escuela, deporte y salud

Investigar grupos de pesquisa (GPs) possibilita visualizar como está o desenvolvimento científico de uma área do conhecimento. Este estudo objetivou descrever a trajetória dos GPs da educação física no Brasil, caracterizando sua distribuição geográfica e vinculação nas linhas de pesquisa Escola, Saúde e Esporte. Foi realizada busca parametrizada no painel Lattes do Diretório de GPs. Desde 1993 houve crescimento no número de GP. Houve maior concentração nas regiões sudeste (n=250), sul (n=181) e nos estados de São Paulo (n=126) e Paraná (n=72). Alocou-se maior número de GPs na temática Esporte (n=247), seguido da Escola (n=122) e Saúde (n=113). Incentiva-se a nucleação de GPs nas regiões com menor número, de modo a promover o desenvolvimento científico em todo o país.

To investigate research groups (RG) enable to visualize how is going the scientific development of a knowledge area. The aim of this study was to analyze the trajectory of physical education RG in Brazil, and characterize its geography distribution, and its distribution by research line (school, health and sports). A parameterized search at the DGOB Lattes was made. Since 1993 increase the number of RG. Higher concentration were found in southeast (n=250), South (n=181) and in São Paulo (n=126) and Paraná (72) state. Higher number of RG were found in Sport (n=247), follow by school (n=122) and health (n=113). Incentive is needed to increase the RG number in regions with lower numbers with the aim to develop the science in all country.

Investigar grupos de investigación (GI) permite visualizar el desarrollo científico de un área de conocimiento. O el propósito de la investigación fue analizar la trayectoria de los GI de educación física en Brasil, caracterizando su distribución geográfica y lo vínculo con las líneas de investigación Escuela, Salud y Deporte. Se realizó una búsqueda paramétrica en el DGPB Lattes. Desde 1993, aumentado el número de GI. Mayor número en las regiones Sureste (n=250) y Sur (n=181) en los estados de São Paulo (n=126) y Paraná (72). Mayor número en los temas deporte (n=247), Escuela (n=122) y Salud (n=113). Se fomenta el aumento de GP en las regiones con menor número para promover el desarrollo científico en todo el país.

Trypanosoma cruzi genetic diversity: impact on transmission cycles and Chagas disease

Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease (ChD), exhibits remarkable biological and genetic diversity, along with eco-epidemiological complexity. In order to facilitate communication among researchers aiming at the characterisation of biological and epidemiological aspects of T. cruzi, parasite isolates and strains were partitioned into seven discrete typing units (DTUs), TcI-TcVI and TcBat, identifiable by reproducible genotyping protocols. Here we present the potential origin of the genetic diversity of T. cruzi and summarise knowledge about eco-epidemiological associations of DTUs with mammalian reservoirs and vectors. Circumstantial evidence of a connection between T. cruzi genotype and ChD manifestations is also discussed emphasising the role of the host's immune response in clinical ChD progression. We describe genomic aspects of DTUs focusing on polymorphisms in multigene families encoding surface antigens that play essential functions for parasite survival both in the insect vector and the mammalian host. Such antigens most probably contributed to the parasite success in establishing infections in different hosts and exploring several niches. Gaps in the current knowledge and challenges for future research are pointed out.

Analysis on monitoring results of arsenic content in drinking water of urban and rural residents in Aksu Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2020 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:The arsenic content of drinking water in Aksu Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (referred to as Xinjiang) was analyzed to understand the distribution of arsenic content and arsenic form of water in each county and city.Methods:In 2020, a total of 117 waterworks and villages (towns) under the jurisdiction of waterworks in 7 counties and 2 cities were randomly sampled, arsenic content in water was detected by atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and arsenic form in water was detected by liquid chromatography atomic fluorescence spectrometry.Results:A total of 626 water samples were collected, 614 water samples with water arsenic content < 0.01 mg/L, accounting for 98.08%; 12 water samples with water arsenic content 0.01 - < 0.05 mg/L, accounting for 1.92%; and there was no water sample with arsenic content ≥0.05 mg/L. The form of arsenic in excessive water sample in Aksu Prefecture was found to be five-valent arsenate. The arsenic content in the water of Awati County was the highest (0.004 6 mg/L).Conclusions:There are still some counties and cities with high arsenic content in water in Aksu Prefecture, and there are still hidden dangers of drinking-water brone endemic arsenism. Therefore, the water treatment technology should be improved or the water sources should be changed to prevent endemic arsenism.

Diversidad, riqueza de especies y abundancia relativa de mosquitos adultos (Diptera: Culicidae) en localidades del municipio Gran Sabana, edo. Bolívar / Diversity, species richness and relative abundance of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in localities of the Gran Sabana municipality, Bolívar state

Este estudio forma parte de la primera etapa de una serie de estudios sobre la ecología, biodiversidad y biogeografía de los mosquitos de la familia Culicidae de Venezuela, principalmente en Bolívar y Delta Amacuro. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar la composición de especies, la abundancia y la biodiversidad de mosquitos (Diptera; Culicidae) en el municipio Gran Sabana del estado Bolívar. Las capturas de mosquitos adultos se realizaron con aspiradores bucales mediante capturas por atracción al cebo humano y con trampas de luz negra. Se determinó la riqueza de especies, su abundancia relativa e índices ecológicos de diversidad Shannon-Wiener (H'), equidad de Simpson (E) y dominancia-D, del área general de estudio y sitios o comunidades de muestreo. Los resultados del estudio, generaron el registro de 7.860 ejemplares adultos de Culicidae identificados a nivel de especie, pertenecientes a 69 especies y 17 géneros, de ellos 7.797 (99,19%) fueron hembras adultas capturadas picando o con trampas de luz y 63 (0,81%) fueron machos capturados con trampas de luz. El 16,6% (1.297) de las hembras fue atraído por trampas de luz y el 83,4% (6.500) por cebo humano. Entre las especies más abundantes del estudio están: Culex quinquefasciatus (26,67 %), Anopheles peryassui (12,32 %), Aedes aegypti (11,87 %), Coquilletidia juxtamansonia (8,28 %), Anopheles braziliensis (6,97 %) Anopheles triannulatus s.l. (6,39 %), Coquilletidia nigricans (2,88 %), Coquilletidia venezuelensis (2,51 %) y Anopheles albitarsis s.l. (2,44 %), las cuales en conjunto representan 80,33 % del total de adultos capturado. Se discuten algunos aspectos sobre su ecología, importancia médica y el riesgo epidemiológico que representan para el país algunas especies reportadas. La diversidad de Shannon-Wiener (H') del área general de estudio fue de 2,665, la equidad de Simpson (E) fue igual a 0,8787222 y la dominancia (D) fue de 0,1213. El mayor índice de diversidad (Shannon-Wiener) ocurrió en Chiririka (2,675), seguido de Betania (2,409), Santa Elena Capital (2,354), Manak-Krü (2,203) y Waramasén (2,181). En cuanto a la riqueza de especies por localidad, las comunidades con mayor riqueza de especies fueron: Santa Elena (Capital), Waramasén y Chiririka con 50, 35 y 30 especies respectivamente, seguidas por San Antonio del Morichal con 23 y Kinok-Pon Parú, con 22 especies(AU)

This is the first part of a series of studies related to biodiversity, ecological and biogeographic aspects of the mosquitoes of Culicidae family in Venezuela. The objective of this study was the ecological characterization of species composition, diversity and abundance of Culicidae mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Gran Sabana Municipality, Bolívar State. Mosquitoes were captured in adult collections, with aspirators on human landing catches and with black light traps. A total of 7.860 adult's mosquitoes were collected and 69 species and 17 genera of Culicidae were identified. A total of 7.797 mosquitoes (99.19%) were females and 63 (0,81%) were males. Some 16,6 % (1.297) of females mosquitoes were attracted to the light traps and 83,4% (6.500) to human bait. The most abundant species in adult stage were: Culex quinquefasciatus (26,67%), Anopheles peryassui (12,32 %), Aedes aegypti (11,87 %), Coquilletidia juxtamansonia (8,28%), Anopheles braziliensis (6,97%), Anopheles triannulatus s.l. (6,39%), Coquilletidia nigricans (2,88%), Coquilletidia venezuelensis (2,51%) and Anopheles albitarsis s.l. (2,44%). Their medical importance of some mosquito species is commented, and some ecological and epidemiological aspects of the mosquito reported are discussed. The diversity index (Shannon-Wiener) of the estudy area was 2,665, the Simpson equity index was 0, 8787222 and the index of dominance was 0, 1213. The higher diversity index was registered in Chiririka (2,675), Betania (2,409), Santa Elena Capital (2,354), Manak-Krü (2,203) and Waramasén (2,181). The higher species richness was registered in Santa Elena (50 species), Waramasén (35 species), Chiririka (30 species), San Antonio del Morichal (23 species) and Kinok-Pon Parú (22 species) (AU)

First report of colonization by Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil / Primeiro relato de colonização por Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil

Abstract We report the first known occurrence of Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil. In 2018, adult specimens were sent by residents to the competent authorities and, in the inspection of the property, a large focus associated with a marsupial nest was found. This finding reinforces the importance of the species in the state of São Paulo, serves as an alert for epidemiological surveillance and extends the species colonization area in the state of São Paulo.

Resumo Relatamos a primeira ocorrência de Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil. Em 2018, espécimes adultos foram enviados por residentes e a pesquisa na propriedade constatou a presença de um grande foco associado a um ninho marsupial. Este achado reforça a importância da espécie no estado de São Paulo, serve de alerta para a vigilância epidemiológica e amplia a área de colonização da espécie no estado de São Paulo.

Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857 (Teuthida: Thysanoteuthidae) calamar diamante, registro en la zona costera de Ica, Perú / Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857 (Teuthida: Thysanoteuthidae) Diamond squid, registered from coastal area of Ica, Peru

Resumen En el presente trabajo a través de la pesca artesanal se registra por primera vez Thysanoteuthis rhombus en el litoral de Pisco y se amplía su rango de distribución en el pacífico oriental hasta Ica, Perú. Un ejemplar de 68 cm LM fue capturado entre los 13°50'00" S y 77°08'00" W a 50 metros de profundidad. Se realiza una breve descripción de la especie, con observaciones taxonómicas y comentarios sobre su distribución geográfica y pesquería.

Abstract In this paper, Thysanoteuthis rhombus is first registered in the coast of Pisco and its distribution range in the Eastern Pacific is extended to Ica, Peru. A 68 cm LM specimen was captured between 13°50'00"S and 77°08'00"W at 50 meters depth. A brief description of the species is given, with taxonomic observations and comments on its geographic distribution and fishery.

Association between non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from commercial poultry sheds and associated factors in Paraná, Brazil: Cross-sectional retrospective study

The epidemiology of salmonellosis in poultry is complex, which makes it difficult to identify the origin and spread of this disease in poultry farms. The aims of this study were to characterize the spatial distribution of Salmonella enterica in epidemiological units in Paraná, Brazil; and to investigate correlations between this microorganism and associated factors. Among the epidemiological units, 78 of 243 (32.10%) were positive. Spatially, the northwestern and western regions had higher concentrations of positive cases than the other regions. In bivariate analyses, the presence of other animal species in the epidemiological unit (prevalence ratio, PR = 0.64; 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.43­0.95; p = 0.022) and proximity to establishments at risk (PR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.32­0.81; p = 0.001) did not influence positivity, but the average population per poultry shed (between 30,501 and 32,500; PR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.72­3.83; p = 0.001) was associated with Salmonella positivity. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that the average population per poultry shed, presence of surrounding risk-posing establishments and presence of surrounding poultry sheds produced a significant multiple model for S. enterica. The results indicated that the presence of S. enterica may be related to higher density broiler in poultry sheds, presence of surrounding poultry sheds, proximity between positive and negative epidemiological units and altitude of the municipality. The information obtained showed that some factors were related to positivity for this microorganism and emphasizes the importance of serotyping to obtain other epidemiological data.

Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): first report in Sergipe State, Brazil

Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study reports the first occurrence of Psammolestes tertius (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. METHODS: In 2020, 95 specimens were collected from the municipality of Porto da Folha, Sergipe, Brazil. RESULTS: This finding expands the geographical distribution of the species from 15 states in Brazil to 16 and increases the biodiversity of triatomines in the state of Sergipe. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of P. tertius in the state of Sergipe demonstrated a wider distribution of this species in northeastern Brazil.

Hippoboscid flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) on birds of prey in the Atlantic Forest, Minas Gerais, Brazil / Hipoboscídeos (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) em aves de rapina da Mata Atlântica, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Abstract Hippoboscid flies are potential ectoparasites of several avian orders, including birds of prey, a group formed by the orders Falconiformes, Strigiformes, Cathartiformes and Accipitriformes. In this study, we evaluated 155 birds of prey that were brought to the Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, between the years 2016 and 2019. Two species of hippoboscid flies (Ornithoctona erythrocephala and Icosta americana) were found in five species of birds of prey (Megascops choliba, Asio stygius, Athene cunicularia, Asio clamator and Caracara plancus). The average intensity found was 1.4 hippoboscids/bird and Megascops choliba (tropical screech-owl) was the most parasitized bird. This is the first record of parasitism of Asio stygius (stygian owl) by Ornithoctona erythrocephala in Brazil and of Athene cunicularia (burrowing owl) and Asio clamator (striped owl) by Icosta americana. Ornithoctona erythrocephala is recorded here for the first time infesting birds of prey in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Resumo Moscas hipoboscídeas são ectoparasitos potenciais de diversas ordens aviárias, incluindo as aves de rapina, grupo formado pelas ordens Falconiformes, Strigiformes, Cathartiformes e Accipitriformes. Neste estudo foram avaliadas 155 aves de rapina que chegaram ao Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre os anos 2016 e 2019. Foram encontradas duas espécies de hipoboscídeos (Ornithoctona erythrocephala e Icosta americana) em cinco espécies de aves de rapina (Megascops choliba, Asio stygius, Athene cunicularia, Asio clamator e Caracara plancus). A intensidade média encontrada foi de 1,4 hipoboscídeo/ave e a espécie de coruja Megascops choliba (corujinha-do-mato) foi a mais parasitada. Este é o primeiro registro do parasitismo da coruja Asio stygius (mocho-diabo) por Ornithoctona erythrocephala, em território brasileiro, e das corujas Athene cunicularia (coruja-buraqueira) e Asio clamator (coruja-orelhuda), sendo parasitadas por Icosta americana. Ornithoctona erythrocephala é aqui registrada pela primeira vez infestando aves de rapina no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil.